The impact of an augmented reality game on local businesses: a study of Pok茅mon go on restaurants
Authors: V. Pamuru, Warut Khern-am-nuai, K. N. Kannan
Publication: Information Systems Research, Forthcoming Abstract:
Inventory in Times of War
Authors: Andres F. Jola-Sanchez and Juan Camilo Serpa Publication: Management Science, 67(10):6457-6479 Abstract:
We study how armed conflicts affect inventory across firms鈥� production facilities. We track 38,916 production facilities鈥攊ncluding plantations, livestock farms, and factories鈥攊n war-torn Colombian regions; we also collect the data of 5,138 attacks performed by the two rebel groups involved in Colombia鈥檚 civil war. To obtain exogenous variation in the conflict intensity, we use a difference-in-differences model that hinges on the peace process between the government and one of the guerrilla groups. We find that when the conflict intensity increases by one order of magnitude, inventory decreases by up to 10.38%. Firms, however, barely reduce finished inventory during war; they mainly reduce raw and work-in-process inventory. To offset this inventory reduction, firms increase their cash holdings鈥攖hat is, they shift their working capital from physical inventory to liquid assets. The location of the facility moderates the effect of war: when a facility is close to a distribution center鈥攈ence, inventory travels short distances鈥攖he firm responds to violence by aggressively reducing inventory; when a facility is far from a distribution center, the firm reacts less aggressively to war.
Theorizing Process Dynamics with Directed Graphs: A Diachronic Analysis of Digital Trace Data
Authors: B. Pentland, Emmanuelle Vaast and J. Ryan Wolf Publication: MIS Quarterly, Forthcoming Abstract:
The growing availability of digital trace data has generated unprecedented opportunities for analyzing, explaining, and predicting the dynamics of process change. While research on process organization studies theorizes about process and change, and research on process mining rigorously measures and models business processes, there has so far been limited research that measures and theorizes about process dynamics. This gap represents an opportunity for new Information Systems (IS) research. This research note lays the foundation for such an endeavor by demonstrating the use of process mining for diachronic analysis of process dynamics. We detail the definitions, assumptions, and mechanics of an approach that is based on representing processes as weighted, directed graphs. Using this representation, we offer a precise definition of process dynamics that focuses attention on describing and measuring changes in process structure over time. We analyze process structure over two years at four dermatology clinics. Our analysis reveals process changes that were invisible to the medical staff in the clinics. This approach offers empirical insights that are relevant to many theoretical perspectives on process dynamics.
Losing Touch: An Embodiment Perspective on Coordination in Robotic Surgery
Authors: A.V. Sergeeva, Samer Faraj, and M. Huysman Publication: Organization Science, Volume 31, Issue 5, October 2020, Pages 1248-1271. Abstract:
Because new technologies allow new performances, mediations, representations, and information flows, they are often associated with changes in how coordination is achieved. Current coordination research emphasizes its situated and emergent nature, but seldom accounts for the role of embodied action. Building on a 25-month field study of the da Vinci robot, an endoscopic system for minimally invasive surgery, we bring to the fore the role of the body in how coordination was reconfigured in response to a change in technological mediation. Using the robot, surgeons experienced both an augmentation and a reduction of what they can do with their bodies in terms of haptic, visual, and auditory perception and manipulative dexterity. These bodily augmentations and reductions affected joint task performance and led to coordinative adaptations (e.g., spatial relocating, redistributing tasks, accommodating novel perceptual dependencies, and mounting novel responses) that, over time, resulted in reconfiguration of roles, including expanded occupational knowledge, emergence of new specializations, and shifts in status and boundaries. By emphasizing the importance of the body in coordination, this paper suggests that an embodiment perspective is important for explaining how and why coordination evolves following the introduction of a new technology.
When Digital Technologies Enable and Threaten Occupational Identity: The Delicate Balancing Act of Data Scientists
Authors: Emmanuelle Vaast and Alain Pinsonneault Publication: MIS Quarterly, Forthcoming Abstract:
Occupations are increasingly embedded with and affected by digital technologies. These technologies both enable and threaten occupational identity and create two important tensions: they make the persistence of an occupation possible while also potentially rendering it obsolete and they bring about both similarity and distinctiveness of an occupation with regard to other occupations. Based on the critical case study of an online community dedicated to data science, we investigate longitudinally how data scientists address the two tensions of occupational identity associated with digital technologies and reach transient syntheses in terms of 鈥渙ptimal distinctiveness鈥� and 鈥減ersistent extinction.鈥� We propose that identity work associated with digital technologies follows a composite life-cycle and dialectical process. We explain that people constantly need to adjust and redefine their occupational identity (i.e., how they define who they are and what they do). We contribute to scholarship on digital technologies and identity work by illuminating how people deal in an ongoing manner with digital technologies that simultaneously enable and threaten their occupational identity.
Financial Returns to Firms鈥� Communication Actions on Firm-Initiated Social Media: Evidence from Facebook Business Pages
Authors: S. Chung, Animesh Animesh, Kunsoo Han and Alain Pinsonneault
Publication: Information Systems Research, Volume 31, Issue 1, March 2020, Pages 258-285.
Abstract:
The primary goal of this study is to investigate the financial returns to firms鈥� communication actions on a firm-initiated social media platform by focusing on Facebook Business pages. To this end, we conceptualize and quantify two types of firms鈥� communication actions on social media: posts and responses to customer messages. Furthermore, we classify a firm鈥檚 responses to customer messages based on the valence of customer messages鈥攑ositive versus negative鈥攁nd examine the effects of volume as well as timeliness of the two types of a firm鈥檚 responses to customer messages on firm performance. Using a sample of 63 South Korean firms across industries over a three-year period (5,566 firm-week observations), we find that the volume and timeliness of a firm鈥檚 responses to negative customer messages, which are associated with an increase in customer satisfaction, have a significant positive impact on the firm鈥檚 market performance measured by abnormal returns and Tobin鈥檚 q. Interestingly, the results suggest that a firm鈥檚 posts and its responses to positive customer messages are not significantly associated with firm performance. Furthermore, we find that a firm鈥檚 posts and its responses to negative customer messages exhibit complementarities in contributing to firm performance. Our results are robust to various alternative specifications, econometric concerns, and Facebook鈥檚 policy changes, such as EdgeRank and Promoted Post. Our findings underscore the business value of firms鈥� actions on social media and provide unique and important implications for theory and practice regarding the appropriate ways to use social media for building and managing customer relationships.
Software Patents and Firm Value: A Real Options Perspective on the Role of Innovation Orientation and Environmental Uncertainty
Authors: S. Chung, Animesh Animesh, Kunsoo Han and Alain Pinsonneault
Publication: Information Systems Research, Volume 30, Issue 3, September 2019, Pages 1073-1097.
Abstract:
Although software patents have been growing steadily since 1996, when the restrictions on the patentability of software were eliminated, their value and impacts on the firm鈥檚 profits remain unclear and ambiguous. Drawing on the real options theory and the literature on exploration and exploitation, we develop a novel theoretical framework to assess the value of software patents. Moreover, we examine the impact of contextual factors related to the nature of innovation underlying firms鈥� patent portfolios (exploitative versus explorative) and the environmental uncertainty (competitiveness and dynamism) on the value of software patents. Specifically, we examine the interaction effect of a firm鈥檚 software patent stock and its innovation orientation on firm value in markets exhibiting different levels of environmental uncertainty. Based on a large-panel data set consisting of 602 U.S. firms, our results indicate that a software patent portfolio having higher levels of explorative orientation is associated with a higher firm value (as measured by Tobin鈥檚 q) in environments exhibiting low dynamism and high competitiveness. By contrast, a software patent portfolio with higher levels of exploitative orientation is associated with a higher firm value in environments with high dynamism and low competitiveness. We discuss the implications for research and practice.
Maxime Cohen appointed Associate Editor of Management Science
Maxime Cohen, Associate Professor of Retail Management and Operations Management, was recently appointed Associate Editor of Management Science
The Role of Decision Support Systems in Attenuating Racial Biases in Healthcare Delivery
Authors: Kartik K. Ganju, Hilal Atasoy, Brad Greenwood and Jeff McCullough
Publication: Management Science, Volume 66, Issue 11, November 2020, Pages 5171-5181.
Abstract:
Although significant research has examined how technology can intensify racial and other outgroup biases, limited work has investigated the role information systems can play in abating them. Racial biases are particularly worrisome in healthcare, where underrepresented minorities suffer disparities in access to care, quality of care, and clinical outcomes. In this paper, we examine the role clinical decision support systems (CDSS) play in attenuating systematic biases among black patients, relative to white patients, in rates of amputation and revascularization stemming from diabetes mellitus. Using a panel of inpatient data and a difference-in-difference approach, results suggest that CDSS adoption significantly shrinks disparities in amputation rates across white and black patients鈥攚ith no evidence that this change is simply delaying eventual amputations. Results suggest that this effect is driven by changes in treatment care protocols that match patients to appropriate specialists, rather than altering within physician decision making. These findings highlight the role information systems and digitized patient care can play in promoting unbiased decision making by structuring and standardizing care procedures.
Cross-Listings and the Dynamics between Credit and Equity Returns
Authors: Patrick Augustin, Feng Jiao, Sergei Sarkissian, Michael J Schill
Publication: The Review of Financial Studies, Vol. 33, Issue 1, January 2020
Abstract:
We study how listing in multiple markets affects the dynamics between firms鈥� credit default swap (CDS) and stock returns. We find that cross-listing increases (1) the sensitivity of CDS to stock returns, (2) the integration of CDS with world equity and bond markets, and (3) the statistical synchronicity of CDS and stock prices. Our results are stronger for firms with greater media attention, analyst and CDS coverage, and Google search intensity and for listings in familiar markets. We suggest that a firm鈥檚 presence in global equity markets comes with an improvement in the credit-equity integration through a reduction of informational frictions.
Sovereign credit risk and exchange rates: Evidence from CDS quanto spreads
Authors: Patrick Augustin, Mikhail Chernov and Dongho Song
Publication: Journal of Financial Economics, Forthcoming
Abstract:
Sovereign CDS quanto spreads tell us how financial markets view the interaction between a country鈥檚 likelihood of default and associated currency devaluations (the Twin Ds). A no-arbitrage model applied to the term structure of Eurozone quanto spreads can isolate the Twin Ds and gauge the associated risk premiums. Conditional on the occurrence of default, the true and risk-adjusted 1-week probabilities of devaluation are 42% (2%) and 90% (55%) for the core (periphery) countries. The weekly risk premium for Euro devaluation in case of default for the core (periphery) exceeds the regular currency premium by up to 18 (13) basis points.
Measuring sovereign bond market integration
Authors: Ines Chaieb, Vihang Errunza, and Rajna Gibson Brandon
Publication: The Review of Financial Studies, Forthcoming
Abstract:
There is significant heterogeneity in the degree and dynamics of sovereign bond market integration across 21 developed and 18 emerging countries. We show that better spanning can significantly enhance market integration through local risk premia dissipation. Integration of the sovereign bond markets increases on average by about 10%, when a country moves from the 25th percentile to the 75th percentile as a result of higher political stability and credit quality, lower inflation and inflation risk, and lower illiquidity. The 10% increase in integration leads to, on average, a decrease in the sovereign cost of funding of about 1% per annum.
Sharing is caring: Social support provision and companionship activities in healthcare virtual support communities
Authors: K.-Y. Huang, I. Chengalur-Smith, and Alain Pinsonneault
Publication: MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, Volume 43, Issue 2, June 2019, Pages 395-423
Abstract:
Individuals increasingly rely on healthcare virtual support communities (HVSCs) for social support and companionship. While research provides interesting insights into the drivers of informational support in knowledge-sharing virtual communities, there is limited research on the antecedents of emotional support provision and companionship activities in HVSCs. The unique characteristics of HVSCs also justify the need to reexamine members鈥� voluntary provisions of help in such communities. This paper develops a model that examines the relationships between the structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions of social capital and the provision of informational and emotional support, and engagement in companionship activities in HVSCs. The model is tested based on data generated through an automated method that classifies and analyzes user-generated text in three healthcare virtual support communities (breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer). The results show that all three dimensions of social capital impact the provision of emotional support; both structural and relational capital facilitate engagement in companionship activities; and only cognitive capital enables the provision of informational support. Research and practical implications on the need to facilitate informational and emotional support provision and companionship activities in healthcare virtual support communities are discussed.
What users do besides problem-focused coping when facing IT security threats: An emotion-focused coping perspective
Authors: H. Liang, Y. Xue, Alain Pinsonneault and Y. Wu
Publication: MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, Volume 43, Issue 2, June 2019, Pages 373-394
Abstract:
This paper investigates how individuals cope with IT security threats by taking into account both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping. While problem-focused coping (PFC) has been extensively studied in the IT security literature, little is known about emotion-focused coping (EFC). We propose that individuals employ both PFC and EFC to volitionally cope with IT security threats, and conceptually classify EFC into two categories: inward and outward. Our research model is tested by two studies: an experiment with 140 individuals and a survey of 934 respondents. Our results indicate that both inward EFC and outward EFC are stimulated by perceived threat, but that only inward EFC is reduced by perceived avoidability. Interestingly, inward EFC and outward EFC are found to have opposite effects on PFC. While inward EFC impedes PFC, outward EFC facilitates PFC. By integrating both EFC and PFC in a single model, we provide a more complete understanding of individual behavior under IT security threats. Moreover, by theorizing two categories of EFC and showing their opposing effects on users鈥� security behaviors, we further examine the paradoxical relationship between EFC and PFC, thus making an important contribution to IT security research and practice.
How does the implementation of enterprise information systems affect a professional's mobility? An empirical study
Authors: Brad N. Greenwood, Kartik K. Ganju and Corey M. Angst
Publication: Information Systems Research, Vol. 30, No. 2, June 2019, Pages 563-594
Abstract:
Although significant research has examined the effect of enterprise information systems on the behavior and careers of employees, the majority of this work has been devoted to the study of blue- and gray-collar workers, with little attention paid to the transformative effect information technology may have on high-status professionals. In this paper, we begin to bridge this gap by examining how highly skilled professionals react to the increasing presence of enterprise systems within their organizations. Specifically, we investigate how the implementation of enterprise systems-in the form of electronic health records-affects the decision of physicians to continue practicing at their current hospital. Results suggest that when enterprise systems create complementarities for professionals, their duration of practice at the organization increases significantly. However, when technologies are disruptive and force professionals to alter their routines, there is a pronounced exodus from the organization. Interestingly, these effects are strongly moderated by individual and organizational characteristics, such as the degree of firm-specific human capital, local competition, and the prevalence of past disruptions, but are not associated with accelerated retirement or the strategic poaching of talent by competing organizations.
